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Objective:To explore any effect of the single- and dual-task treadmill training on the functioning of children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy.Methods:Fifty children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into a single-task treadmill training group (the control group, n=25) and a dual-task treadmill training group (the observation group, n=25). All of the children also received routine rehabilitation training, and the control and observation groups also conducted single- and dual-task treadmill training in addition to the routine rehabilitation training, respectively. Before and after 2 months of treatment, each child′s gross motor functioning was quantified using sections D (standing) and E (walking, running and jumping) of the Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88) instrument. Balance was quantified using the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) and walking mobility was quantified using a 1 minute walking test (1MWT). Modified and dual task Timed Up and Go (mTUG) tests and dual-task effects (DTE) tests were also administered. Results:There were no significant differences in average test scores between the two groups before the treatment. After the treatment significant improvement was observed in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of average GMFM-88, PBS and 1MWT scores, but significantly greater improvement was observed in the average dual-task mTUG and DTE results of the observation group.Conclusion:Both single- and dual-task treadmill training are effective supplements to routine rehabilitation training for children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Dual-task treadmill training is more effective than the single-task version.
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Objective:To investigate the influence of dual-task treadmill training on the motor function of children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy(CP).Methods:A prospective study was carried out on 36 children with spastic hemiplegic CP admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation, Qingdao Women and Children′s Hospital from March 2020 to August 2021.The subjects were divided into the control group (18 cases) and the experimental group (18 cases) by the random number sequence method.During the intervention, 2 cases in the control group dropped out of the study due to cough and fever.Finally, there were 16 cases left in the control group and 18 cases in the experimental group.Both groups received the same routine rehabilitation training.Additionally, the control group were given single-task treadmill training, while the experimental group were treated dual-task treadmill training.Before training and after 4 weeks of training, the children in the two groups were evaluated and compared by using Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88), Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), Maximum Walking Speed test(MWST), single-task modified Timed Up and Go test (mTUG) and dual-task mTUG.Gender and Gross Motor Function Classification System(GMFCS) classification in general data were compared by using the Chi-square test or Fisher′ s exact test.Age and indices of rehabilitation assessment were compared by using the paired-samples t-test within groups and indepen-dent-samples t-test between the two groups. Results:There was no significant difference in the evaluation data of the GMFM-88 D score [(34.25±1.61) points vs.(34.56±1.76) points], GMFM-88 E score [(50.53±7.20) points vs. (50.61±6.75) points], PBS score [(39.06±4.34) points vs. (38.89±4.44) points], MWST time [(12.69±3.07) s vs. (13.56±2.97) s], single-task mTUG time [(11.38±2.58) s vs. (11.94±2.51) s], and dual-task mTUG time [(30.06±8.08) s vs. (31.50±8.56) s]between the control group and the experimental group before training (all P>0.05). After 4 weeks of training, the GMFM-88 score of the control group was (35.88±1.82) points in the D dimension and (51.20±6.64) points in the E dimension.Besides, the PBS score of the control group was (40.75±4.14) points, the MWST time was (10.81±2.95) s, and the single-task mTUG time was (10.06±2.52) s. As for the experimental group, the GMFM-88 score was (36.28±1.99) points in the D dimension and (53.94±6.98) points in the E dimension, the PBS score was (43.06±4.94) points, the MWST time was (10.44±2.83) s, and the single-task mTUG time was (10.56±2.73) s. The evaluation indexes of the two groups after training for 4 weeks were significantly better than those before training ( t=-3.058, -2.197, -7.132, 1.235, 2.952 in the control group, and t=-5.953, -12.432, -8.333, 3.149, 7.578 in the experimental group, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in GMFM-88 scores in D and E dimensions, PBS scores, MWST time and single-task mTUG time between the two groups ( P>0.05). The dual-task mTUG time of the control group was (29.10±8.28) s after 4 weeks of training, which was not statistically different from that before training ( t=1.578, P>0.05). The dual-task mTUG time of the experimental group was (23.06±7.30) s after 4 weeks of training, which was significantly better than that before training ( t=13.930, P<0.05) and that of the control group ( t=2.296, P<0.05). Conclusions:Both single-task and dual-task treadmill training can remarkably improve the motor function of children with spastic hemiplegic CP.Single-task training cannot improve the motor function of children with spastic hemiplegic CP in the dual-task condition, while dual-task training can effectively improve the motor function with spastic hemiplegic CP in the dual-task condition.
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Objective:To observe any effect of supplementing treadmill training with applications of the traditional Chinese Songchi ointment in the rehabilitation of gastrocnemius muscles atrophied through disuse.Methods:Forty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal control group ( n=8) and a model group ( n=37). The rats in the model group had their left hind limbs immobilized by the Nagai method to induce disused muscle atrophy (DMA). That group was then randomly subdivided into a model control (MC) group, a treadmill training group (the EX group), a Songchi ointment group (SC group) and a comprehensive rehabilitation group (the CR group), each of 8. The EX and SC groups were given treadmill training at 18m/min or topical application of Songchi ointment once a day, 6 days a week for 6 weeks. The CR group was given both treatments. After the 6 weeks, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the pathological changes in the gastrocnemius of each rat′s left hind limb. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. PI3K, Akt and mTOR mRNA and protein were assayed using real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. Results:The arrangement of muscle fibers in the MC group was disordered and there was a large number of infiltrated inflammatory cells. Such conditions were significantly relieved in the CR group. After the intervention the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β in the CR group were, on average, significantly lower than those observed in the MC group, the EX group or the SC group, while the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was significantly higher. The average PI3K, Akt and mTOR mRNA and protein levels of group CR were significantly higher than those of the MC and EX groups.Conclusions:The traditional Chinese Songchi ointment can usefully supplement treadmill training to relieve DMA. It upregulates IL-10, activates the PI3K Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and promotes the synthesis of muscle fiber protein while down-regulating TNF-α and IL-1β and muscle fiber inflammatory response.
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Objective:To observe any effect of body-weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) on lower limb motor function and the walking ability of hemiplegic stroke survivors.Methods:Fifty-eight stroke survivors with hemiplegia were randomly divided into an FES group of 19, a BWSTT group of 19 and a combination group of 20. In addition to their early routine rehabilitation therapy, the FES and BWSTT groups were provided with the respective therapies, while the combination group received both. The three groups received 30 minutes of treatment a day, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the simplified version of the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale for the lower extremities (FMA-LE), the 10-metre walk test (10MWT) and functional ambulation classification (FAC) were used to evaluate the subjects′ balance, lower-limb motor function, walking speed and walking function before and after the 8 weeks of treatment.Results:After the treatment, the average BBS, FMA-LE, 10MWT and FAC scores of all three groups had improved significantly, but the combination group′s averages were then significantly better than those of the other two groups.Conclusions:BWSTT combined with FES can best improve the balance, lower-limb motor functioning and walking of hemiplegic stroke survivors.
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Objective:To explore the effect of combining repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with treadmill training in treating spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods:Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation (C) group, an SCI group, a treadmill training (TT) group, a treadmill training followed by rTMS (TR) group and an rTMS followed by treadmill training (RT) group. The C group only underwent laminectomy without spinal cord injury, while the model of T9 incomplete spinal cord injury was established in the other groups using the Louisville Injury System Apparatus impactor. One week after the operation the TT began. The TR group received rTMS immediately after the treadmill training and the RT group received it before. The treadmill′s speed started at 3.6m/min and gradually increased to 6m/min within 1 week. There was one 15min session a day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks in total. The rTMS intensity was 30% of the maximum output intensity at 10Hz in 5s bursts with an interval of 25s. It lasted 10min, for a total of 1000 pulses. Hind limb motor functioning was evaluated using the Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale and a grid walking test. The H max/M max ratio was used to quantify the excitability of the motor neurons. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor (5-HT 1AR) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor (5-HT 2AR). Results:The average BBB scores of the RT group were significantly higher than the SCI group′s averages from the 7th to 9th week after the injury. At the ninth week the average BBB score of the RT group was significantly higher than the TT group′s average. At the eighth and ninth week the average BBB scores of the TR group were significantly higher than in the SCI group. The number of drops in the RT group was significantly lower than in the SCI group at the seventh and ninth week. At the ninth week, the number of drops of the TR group was significantly lower compared with the SCI group. The H max/M max ratio of the SCI group was significantly higher than in the C and TR groups at the fifth and ninth week, while that of the TR group was significantly lower than the SCI group′s ratio at the ninth week. The expression of 5-HT, 5-HT 1AR and 5-HT 2AR in the RT and TR groups was significantly higher than in the SCI group, and the relative 5-HT 1AR density of the RT and TR groups was significantly higher than in the SCI and TT groups. Compared with the other 4 groups, the expression of 5-HT 2AR in the SCI group had increased significantly. Conclusions:Combining rTMS with treadmill training can significantly promote the recovery of locomotor function after incomplete spinal cord injury.
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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of aquatic treadmill training on abdominal muscle thickness and balance function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke. MethodsFrom March to October, 2021, 60 patients with hemiplegia after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n = 20), suspension group (n = 20) and aquatic treadmill group (n = 20). On the basis of comprehensive rehabilitation training, the control group received treadmill training, the suspension group received skyrail suspension walking training, and the aquatic treadmill group received treadmill training in water, for four weeks. The curative effect was evaluated by musculoskeletal ultrasound with muscle thickness of bilateral external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles. And they were assessed with Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patient (PASS) and Timed 'Up & Go' Test (TUGT) before and after treatment. ResultsAfter treatment, the thickness of external oblique and internal oblique muscles on the unaffected side, the PASS score and the TUGT time improved in all the three groups (|t| > 2.135, P < 0.05); while the thickness of external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscles in the aquatic treadmill training group increased (|t| > 5.567, P < 0.001). The PASS score, the TUGT time, and the thickness of external oblique and internal oblique muscles on the affected side improved more in the aquatic treadmill training group than in the control group and the suspension group (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe aquatic treadmill training is more effective in strenghthening abdominal muscle to improve balance function.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of body weight-supported treadmill training on neuropathic pain and expression of glutamate decarboxylase-65/67 (GAD-65/67) in spinal dorsal horn of rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods:A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group, SCI-sedentary (SCI-Sed) group and SCI-Exercise (SCI-Ex) group, with eight rats in each group. Allen's method was used to make T10 incomplete SCI model. Seven days after SCI, SCI-Ex group was given body weight-supported treadmill training. Before SCI, and seven days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and 35 days after SCI, the von Frey filaments and thermal stimulation pain tester were used to evaluate the mechanical and thermal pain thresholds. Then, Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis were performed on the spinal cord of all rats to detect the expression of GAD-65 and GAD-67. Results:The mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were higher in SCI-Ex group than in SCI-Sed group 21 days, 28 days and 35 days after SCI (P < 0.01). Compared with the sham group, the expression of GAD-65 and GAD-67 decreased in SCI and SCI-Ex groups (P < 0.05), and increased in SCI-Ex group compared with that of SCI-Sed group (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Body weight-supported treadmill training could increase the synthesis of GAD-65/67 in the distal spinal cord dorsal horn of incomplete SCI rats, and improve the pain thresholds of hind limbs in rats with SCI.
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Objective:To explore the clinical effect of bench treadmill training on functional recovery for patients with severely burnt on lower limbs. Methods:From October, 2016 to December, 2017, 30 patients with severe lower limb burn were divided into control group (n = 15) and observation group (n = 15). The control group accepted routine comprehensive rehabilitation, while the observation group accepted the bench treadmill training in addition. They were assessed with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Numerical Rating scale (NRS) of pain, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT) before and after six weeks of treatement. Results:The scores of SAS, SDS and NRS decreased in both groups (t > 3.636, P < 0.01), and they were less in the observation group than in the control group (t > 2.319, P < 0.05). The score of BBS and distance of 6MWT increased in the observation group compared with those in the control group (t > 2.541, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Early training with bench treadmill may promote the functional recovery for patients with severe lower limbs burns.
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Objective@#To analyze effect of Treadmill Training on neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in elderly patients with Alzheimer′s disease.@*Methods@#From May 2018 to November 2018, the experimental design was adopted. The patients with 55-75 years old AD, the First Affiliated Hospital of Quanzhou Fujian Medical University were randomly divided into groups. Group (treadmill training, 68 patients), control group (no intervention, 68 patients). The two groups were evaluated before the training and 20 weeks after training, using the Neuropsychology Scale (NPI-Q) and the Alzheimer's disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (QOL-AD), and the t-test, two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance, etc. Statistical methods for data analysis.@*Results@#There were no significant differences in neuropsychiatric scores and QOL scores between the two groups before training (P>0.05). After training through a 20-week treadmill, the total score of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease in the experimental group (t=-1.317, P=0.204 before training; t=-10.01, P=0.046 after 20 weeks of training), affective symptoms (Before training, t=-1.684, P=0.092; t=-11.26, P=0.043 after 20 weeks of training, psychiatric symptoms (t=1.168 before training, P=0.235; t=-9.94 after training for 20 weeks, P=0.034)), behavioral symptoms (t=1.952 before training, P=0.129; t=-3.61, P=0.028 after 20 weeks of training), and QOL total score (t=1.452, P=0.140 before training; t=22.27 after training, P=0.040) were statistically different; and the improvement of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the experimental group was significantly different from that in the control group (F=23.10, P=0.000), while the QOL of the experimental group was also significantly different from the control group (t=- 8.88, P=0.000).@*Conclusion@#Non-pharmacological treatment with treadmill training can improve neuropsychiatric symptoms and improve quality of life in elderly AD patients.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of early-stage training combined with the ultrashort wave therapy on the functional recovery of rats after a spinal cord injury, and to observe the expression of aquaporin protein-4 (AQP-4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).@*Methods@#Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats had spinal cord injury (SCI) induced using the modified Allen′s method. After successful modeling, 40 were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a control group, an ultrashort wave group, a treadmill group and a combined group, each of 8. Motor function in their hind limbs was evaluated 4 weeks after the operation using BBB scoring. GFAP and AQP-4 immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the integral optical density (IOD) of the protein expression.@*Results@#The average BBB score of the sham operation group was 21, while the other four groups averages were all less than 1 on the 1st day after the operation. They gradually increased with time, and by 4 weeks the increases were significant. Compared with the control group at the same time point, the average BBB scores of the treadmill and the combined groups were significantly higher. Compared with the ultrashort wave group, the average BBB score of the treadmill group was higher after 4 weeks, and the combined group′s average was significantly higher at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the operation. Four weeks after the SCI modeling, the average AQP-4 IOD and GFAP IOD levels of the ultrashort wave group, the treadmill group and the combined group were lower than that of the control group, while the average AQP-4 and GFAP IOD levels of the combined group were significantly lower than those of the ultrashort wave group. Compared with the treadmill group, the combined group had a significantly lower average GFAP level.@*Conclusions@#Both treadmill training and ultrashort wave treatment promote motor function recovery after a spinal cord injury. The mechanism may be related to downregulation of AQP-4 and GFAP expression at the injured site. Combining the two treatments gives better effects.
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Objective To investigate the effect of early-stage training combined with the ultrashort wave therapy on the functional recovery of rats after a spinal cord injury, and to observe the expression of aquaporin pro-tein-4 ( AQP-4) and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) . Methods Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats had spinal cord injury ( SCI) induced using the modified Allen's method. After successful modeling, 40 were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a control group, an ultrashort wave group, a treadmill group and a combined group, each of 8. Motor function in their hind limbs was evaluated 4 weeks after the operation using BBB scoring. GFAP and AQP-4 immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the integral optical density ( IOD) of the protein expres-sion. Results The average BBB score of the sham operation group was 21, while the other four groups averages were all less than 1 on the 1st day after the operation. They gradually increased with time, and by 4 weeks the increa-ses were significant. Compared with the control group at the same time point, the average BBB scores of the treadmill and the combined groups were significantly higher. Compared with the ultrashort wave group, the average BBB score of the treadmill group was higher after 4 weeks, and the combined group's average was significantly higher at 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the operation. Four weeks after the SCI modeling, the average AQP-4 IOD and GFAP IOD levels of the ultrashort wave group, the treadmill group and the combined group were lower than that of the control group, while the average AQP-4 and GFAP IOD levels of the combined group were significantly lower than those of the ultrashort wave group. Compared with the treadmill group, the combined group had a significantly lower average GFAP level. Conclusions Both treadmill training and ultrashort wave treatment promote motor function recovery after a spinal cord injury. The mechanism may be related to downregulation of AQP-4 and GFAP expression at the injured site. Combining the two treatments gives better effects.
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Objective To analyze effect of Treadmill Training on neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in elderly patients with Alzheimer′s disease. Methods From May 2018 to November 2018, the experimental design was adopted. The patients with 55-75 years old AD, the First Affiliated Hospital of Quanzhou Fujian Medical University were randomly divided into groups. Group (treadmill training, 68 patients), control group (no intervention, 68 patients). The two groups were evaluated before the training and 20 weeks after training, using the Neuropsychology Scale (NPI-Q) and the Alzheimer's disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (QOL-AD), and the t-test, two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance, etc. Statistical methods for data analysis. Results There were no significant differences in neuropsychiatric scores and QOL scores between the two groups before training (P＞0.05). After training through a 20-week treadmill, the total score of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease in the experimental group (t=-1.317, P=0.204 before training; t=-10.01, P=0.046 after 20 weeks of training), affective symptoms ( Before training, t=-1.684, P=0.092; t=-11.26, P=0.043 after 20 weeks of training, psychiatric symptoms (t=1.168 before training, P=0.235; t=-9.94 after training for 20 weeks, P=0.034) ), behavioral symptoms (t=1.952 before training, P=0.129; t=-3.61, P=0.028 after 20 weeks of training), and QOL total score (t=1.452, P=0.140 before training; t=22.27 after training, P=0.040) were statistically different; and the improvement of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the experimental group was significantly different from that in the control group (F=23.10, P=0.000), while the QOL of the experimental group was also significantly different from the control group (t=- 8.88, P=0.000). Conclusion Non-pharmacological treatment with treadmill training can improve neuropsychiatric symptoms and improve quality of life in elderly AD patients.
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Objective To investigate the effect of aquatic treadmill training on walking function in stroke patients.Methods From July, 2015 to October, 2017, 33 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control group (n = 16) and treatment group (n = 17).The control group accepted routine water exercise, while the treatment group accepted aquatic treadmill training in addition, for six weeks. They were assessed with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), 2 Minute Walk Test (2MWT) and gait analysis before and after six weeks of treatment.Results All the indexes improved in both groups after treatment (t＞ 2.536, P ＜ 0.05), and the performance of BBS, TUG, 2 MWT, and gait analysis indexes of length, speed and width of steps improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (t＞ 2.057, P ＜ 0.05). The incidence of improvement was more in in the treatment group than in the control group (χ2= 33, P ＜ 0.001) Conclusion Aquatic treadmill training can improve the walking function for stroke patients.
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Survival and migration of transplanted neural stem cells (NSCs) are prerequisites for therapeutic benefits in spinal cord injury. We have shown that survival of NSC grafts declines after transplantation into the injured spinal cord, and that combining treadmill training (TMT) enhances NSC survival via insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Here, we aimed to obtain genetic evidence that IGF-1 signaling in the transplanted NSCs determines the beneficial effects of TMT. We transplanted NSCs heterozygous (+/−) for Igf1r, the gene encoding IGF-1 receptor, into the mouse spinal cord after injury, with or without combining TMT. We analyzed the influence of genotype and TMT on locomotor recovery and survival and migration of NSC grafts. In vitro experiments were performed to examine the potential roles of IGF-1 signaling in the migratory ability of NSCs. Mice receiving +/− NSC grafts showed impaired locomotor recovery compared with those receiving wild-type (+/+) NSCs. Locomotor improvement by TMT was more pronounced with +/+ grafts. Deficiency of one allele of Igf1r significantly reduced survival and migration of the transplanted NSCs. Although TMT did not significantly influence NSC survival, it substantially enhanced the extent of migration for only +/+ NSCs. Cultured neurospheres exhibited dynamic motility with cytoplasmic protrusions, which was regulated by IGF-1 signaling. IGF-1 signaling in transplanted NSCs may be essential in regulating their survival and migration. Furthermore, TMT may promote NSC graft-mediated locomotor recovery via activation of IGF-1 signaling in transplanted NSCs. Dynamic NSC motility via IGF-1 signaling may be the cellular basis for the TMT-induced enhancement of migration.
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Animals , Mice , Alleles , Cytoplasm , Genotype , In Vitro Techniques , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Neural Stem Cells , Receptor, IGF Type 1 , Spinal Cord Injuries , Spinal Cord , TransplantsABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of body weight supported treadmill training ( BWSTT) on func-tion of lower extremities in stroke survivors, and analyze the influence of quadriceps femoris muscle tone on the thera-peutic effect of BWSTT. Methods Thirty-six stroke survivors were randomly divided into a BWSTT group and a conventional therapy group ( CT group) according to a random number table, each of 18. Both groups were given rou-tine rehabilitation training, while the BWSTT group was additionally provided with BWSTT for 4 weeks. Before and af-ter the treatment, Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity (FMMS-LE), Berg balance scale (BBS) and Holden walking function rating scale ( Holden) were used to assess the motor function of lower extremities, balance function and walking ability of both groups. Meanwhile, the patients in BWSTT group were further divided into a mild-spasm subgroup and a seriously-spasm subgroup according to the modified Ashworth scale assessment result of quadriceps muscle, and the results of their efficacy indexes were further compared. Results No significant difference was found in the average FMMS-LE, Berg and Holden scores between the BWSTT group and CT group before the treat-ment ( P>0.05) . However, significantly improvement was found in all the above measurements of both groups after the treatment ( P<0.05) . Further comparison found that the FMMS score of the lower extremities and Holden grading in the BWSTT group improved more significantly compared with the CT group ( P<0.05) , while no significant differ-ences were found in the Berg score between the two groups ( P>0.05) . The change of FMMS (△FMMS) and Holden (△Holden) after treatment in the mild-spasm subgroup increased more significantly compared with those in the seri-ously-spasm subgroup, but no significant differences were observed regarding the change of Berg (△Berg) between the two subgroups. Conclusions BWSTT can significantly improve the motor function of lower extremities, balance function and walking ability of stroke survivors. However, hypertone of quadriceps femoris might have adverse effects on the therapeutic effect of BWSTT.
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Objective Discuss the effect of the Rhythmic auditory stimulation with treadmill training on freezing of gait in patients with parkinson's disease.Method 68 patients with parkinson's disease randomly divided into 2 groups.The control group uses conventional drug treatment in parkinson's disease patients according to the condition of patients.The comprehensive training group using body weight support treadmill training combined with rhythmic stimulation training for 8 weeks.The two group subjects were proceeded gait tests by freezing of gait questionnaire 、functional independence measure、five time sit to stand test、timed up and go test、berg balance Scale eight weeks after training.Result The comprehensive training group had a significant difference compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.01)in decreased freezing of gait questionnaire score,decreased functional independence measure score,decreased five time sit to stand test times,decreased timed up and go test score,increased berg balance Scale score.Conclusion Rhythmic auditory stimulation with treadmill training can improve freezing of gait function of patients with parkinson's disease.
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@#Objective To apply the body weight support treadmill training (BWSTT) on slope for gait training in patients after stroke. Methods From March, 2015 to June, 2017, 46 patients after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n=23) and experimental group (n=23). Both groups accepted routine rehabilitation, and the experimental group accepted BWSTT on slope, while the control group accepted BWSTT on flat. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Tinetti Gait Analysis (TGA) before and after treatment. Results The scores of FMA-LE, BBS and TGA improved after treatment (t>2.491, P<0.05), and were more in the experimental group than in the control group (t>2.195, P<0.05). Conclusion BWSTT is effective on gait in hemiplegic patients, and is more effective on slope.
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Objective To explore the effect of the combination of Tuina and treadmill training on nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve transection.Methods A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and treatment group equal-ly.The sciatic nerve was transected in the latter two groups and the epineurium suture was delayed four days.Then the treatment group ac-cepted Tuina and treadmill training once a day.The motor conduction velocity(MCV)of sciatic nerve was measured one and two months af-ter intervention in ten rats respectively,while the number of regenerated axons and Schwann cells was counted,and structures of sciatic nev-er were observed under electron microscopy. Results Compared with the model group, the MCV accelerated in the treatment group (P<0.05),the number of axons was not significantly different(P>0.05),and the number of Schwann cells increased two months after modeling (P<0.05),with less injury under electron microscopy.Conclusion Tuina combined with treadmill training can promote the regeneration of the injured peripheral nerve.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of gait and surface electromyography (sEMG) of underwater treadmill training (UWTT). Methods From January to September, 2015, gait and sEMG parameters of ten healthy adults were synchronously collected using three-dimensional gait analysis system and sEMG systems on land and UWTT. Results When walking in self comfortable speed, compared with walk on land, there was significant increase in gait cycle (t=-11.411, P0.05). The integral electromyography of biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior muscle were significant less than iEMG on land (t>3.984, P0.05). Conclusion There are signifi-cant differences in gait and muscle contraction intensity between land walking and UWTT. The dynamic physiology and neural control of UWTT need further study.
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PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of fast walking training on a treadmill on the spinal alignment and muscle thickness of normal adults. METHODS: A total of 36 college students in their twenties participated in the study for eight weeks, and they were divided into the normal walking, fast walking, and speed change groups. All the groups were measured in a pre-test before training. The subjects performed exercise three times per week for six weeks. A post-test was conducted six weeks after training began, and a follow-up test was done two weeks after the training ended.Trunk and pelvic tilts were measured in Formetric 4D for the spinal alignment of the subjects. The muscle thickness was examined in the trunk with an ultrasound test. Repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted to test the main effects and interactions among the measurement variables according to time and group. RESULTS: ignificant differences were observed in the pelvic tilt according to time. There were significant differences in the external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominal muscle according to time. The post-test results showed significant differences in the left external oblique, internal oblique muscles between before training, six weeks into training, and two weeks after the completion of training. There were significant interactions in the left oblique muscles according to the time and group. CONCLUSION: These findings have some value for patient rehabilitation and clinical applications and interventions through walking training.